YOU CANNOT EXPECT PROFESSIONALISM FROM SOCCER FANS

You cannot expect professionalism from the supporters

The Stuart Baxter’s utterance has raised eye brows in the South African football fraternity. As a matter of fact a professional football coach should not expect any level of professionalism and tolerance from the supporters. The point of departure in this issue is that Kaizer Chiefs enjoys a decent turnout whenever they play outside of Gauteng more especially in Limpopo Province’s Peter Mokaba Stadium. Consequently, the large turnout at Peter Mokaba Stadium has been booing Chiefs’ top striker. Yes, I call Kingston Nkatha a top striker because I understand his role, the man works hard, his work rate is there to been by everyone who cares. However, in the eyes of an ordinary supporter who paid his hard earned money to watch his favourite club, a definition of a quality striker is determined by the number of goals he scores. It is a fact that Nkatha waits clear cut chances in front of goals but the manner in which he rattles the defenders always gives the midfielders spaces to score.

Okay, coming back to the booing – football supporters go to the stadium to be entertained and if a player does not deliver they are likely to give him a hard time. And that is the order of the day across the world football. The worst hostile treatment a footballer can get is being booed and racism chants by his own supporters. In the Chiefs and Amazulu match at Moses Mabhida Stadium – George Lebese was on the receiving end of the boos and Baxter was about to take him off but the man answered the boos with a sterling performance by getting a brace that helped Chiefs to emerge victorious. Lebese’s response made me to visit the history books of SA football to come up with one name Phillimon Masinga.

Phil was always a victim of the boo boys in the Bafana jersey but I never had the then coach Clive Barker lambasting his supporters let alone to call them idiots. Masinga was always scoring important goals for Bafana in the midst of the boo boys. One does not need a qualification to be a football supporter or a follower but he needs a qualification to be a professional football coach. So, football coaches should refrain from insulting football supporters, obviously you cannot expect any level of professionalism from the supporters.  In fact, the coaches need to understand frustration from the supporters because the supporters will always expect quality entertainment and positive results from their favourite clubs.  Baxter is a professional coach with a decent CV and I do not expect him to go out in the post match interview to call his supporters “Idiots”. Chiefs is the most popular club in the country with overwhelming followership and every team in the PSL.

THE ROLE OF MEDIA IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: GENDER AND CULTURE

It is a known fact across the globe that media play an integral role in informing, educating and entertaining the society in the mass communication processes. Various media scholars concurred that media in their effort to fulfil their basic roles they concurrently influence the society in various ways. The influence that media have on the society is anchored by mass media theories namely, Hypodermic Needle Theory, Accumulation Theory and Uses and Gratification Theory. These theories accentuate media influence in the society and the attitude of the media users.

Media are therefore perceived as a main tool that the society may use to develop a human being pertaining to preserving and promoting his/her culture and Gender education.  This paper critiques the role of media in human development in particular the way in which they (Media) handle culture and Gender issues in the modern society from African perspective. The mass media theories mentioned above are used to evaluate the role of media in human development. There are myriad of media contents that represent culture and gender from different perspectives, however, that does not changed the basic role/functions of media. Media practitioners have a huge responsibility of developing a human being in a responsible manner by providing him/her with pertinent education, information and entertainment.

THE INFLUENCE OF AMERICAN (USA) ENTERTAINMENT CONTENT ON TELEVISION ON SOUTH AFRICAN ENTERTAINMENT CONTENT

Media are global communication mechanisms, and they are renowned for bringing different communities together. After the inception of television in South Africa content development has been a critical challenge. It is therefore imperative to note that the South African television content was seen as extension of the western (American) production few years after the abrupt establishment of television; the western (American) television content was conspicuous feature in the local television content. The western (American) television productions had advent consequences on the content development on South African television industry.

The bone of contention is that many people in South Africa spend a plethora of their leisure time watching television. It is a fact known that television content has a huge potential of influencing the audience/viewers. Unlike other forms of Media, television carries multi-dimensional content ranging from culture, religion, health, sports, entertainment and education. This multi-dimensional nature of television content suggests that television content influences many viewers especially on their decision making, attitude and/or behaviour.

In a liberal state such as South Africa a nation that prides itself for possessing a cultural diversity and variety of languages.  A culturally diverse nation should strive for preservation and promotion of its own culture. The point is South African television content is supposed to be unique and profitable. More often than not expects South African content developers to minimise noticeable adoption of western concepts, e.g.  The Big Brother Africa in South Africa is United States of America’s original version of Big Brother. SA got talent came after the American’s US got talent. The other conspicuous example is the South Africa’s version of the SA Idols which was originally established in USA as Idols. There are other examples that accentuate this point. The South African soap operas are arguably the local version of American (USA) soap operas namely The Bold and the Beautiful, Days of our Lives and The young and the restless.

The problem is that South African television content is influenced by Western (American) television content. This existing predicament has certain implications on South Africans as  viewers of television. The media content must reflect/portray the attributes or realities that are taking place in its constituencies.

EFFECTIVENESS AND VIABILITY OF THE INDIGENOUS AFRICAN LANGUAGE NEWSPAPERS

The primary functions of the newspapers are to inform, educate and entertain the readers in the mass communication process. The indigenous African language newspapers are not an exception to the above mentioned sentiment. The indigenous African language newspapers should fulfil the primary functions of the media (newspaper) in an effort to satisfy the demands of the target audience.

Historically the indigenous African language newspapers have been marginalised in the South African print media industry. As a result the English and Afrikaans newspapers have been at the forefront of South African press and that has somewhat left the indigenous African language newspapers in isolation. Despite their conspicuous existence in the print media sector the indigenous African language newspapers have been overshadowed by the English and Afrikaans newspapers. It is therefore imperative to examine the effectiveness and viability of the indigenous African language newspapers.

Edgar Malatji: PRIMARY/BASIC FUNCTIONS OF RADIO

Edgar Malatji: PRIMARY/BASIC FUNCTIONS OF RADIO: Primary/Basic Functions of Radio OVERVIEW: Society depends on radio and other media for most of its experiences. It (Radio) should pro...

PRIMARY/BASIC FUNCTIONS OF RADIO

Primary/Basic Functions of Radio

OVERVIEW: Society depends on radio and other media for most of its experiences. It (Radio) should provide facts accurately keep listeners informed serve as moderator and critic events.

Radio presents ideas and actions in the public interests and provides contemporary events, base for the future historical record of the society.

Radio reflects human performance and brings messages into the homes and minds of the listeners.

THREE PRIMARY/ BASIC FUNCTIONS OF RADIO ARE:

1. EDUCATE (EDUCATION)

2. INFORM (INFORMATION)

3. ENTERTAIN (ENTERTAINMENT)

1. Education

Any programme on Radio can have an educational function, e.g. News, travel, documentary, drama, etc.

Use of radio: the education process can be divided into three categories:

FORMAL EDUCATION: In a classroom guided by the syllabus.

NON-FORMAL EDUCATION: Planned educational and informational radio programming that is not part of any formal education syllabus.

INFORMAL EDUCATION: An ongoing process affecting almost everyone and which can be gained from almost all programmes, such as the news, talk-shows, discussions, etc.

2. Information

Presentation of facts without being coloured in any way by any personal attitude or interpretation of the communicator without any intentions to persuade.

Sharing of facts with no persuasion or transmission of values.

The prime function of information is to ensure the welfare of society and the individual.

Mass media (Radio) are a source of most information. Radio is useful in distributing information to the community more especially during times of crisis.

The programmes that fulfil the informational function include: News bulletins, weather reports, market prices.

During times of crisis, Radio plays an informative role and can further restore calm and order because it brings facts, quickly to the listeners.

It is difficult to be purely objective and to present straight facts, more especially in news broadcasts. Information cannot be a bare version of fact without any interpretation.

Point is, the reality against which is placed, is already an interpretation .

Often the informative content is dramatised with elements of entertainment. These elements make news items more appealing.

This results in a crossover between the entertainment and information producing the infotainment function.

A strong element of show business (entertainment) is added to infotainment in order to draw a large audience.

Information receives some form of interpretation with an educational overtones, more especially in developing communities.

3. Entertainment

Intimate companion

Breaking isolation and loneliness

People to wider social life

People listening to the same programme (Sport) and discussing it among themselves at a later stage.

Entertainment aims to provide a release from stress and tension.

It also allows for increased socialising.

It is the gratification received by the listener from the programme.

Entertainment overlaps other functions of radio, e.g. An element of pleasure and amusement, classical example Eugene Terre’Blanche falling from his horse during a protest rally in church square in Pretoria.

Community Media/Newspaper as a critical concept of modern media

Community media, Fourie (2001) describes the concept of “community” as rather ambiguous/vague. This is because the term can describe a myriad of communities that share a variety of interests such as a certain neighbourhood, business, and social, religious and so on. Community media is any form of media that is created and controlled by a community, either a geographic community or a community of identity interest. In most cases community media is separate from (commercial) media, state run media, or Public Broadcasters. Community media is increasingly being recognised as a crucial element in a vibrant and democratic media system.

Indigenous language newspapers are widely classified under the umbrella term called community newspaper. It is therefore, appropriate to discuss community newspaper.

According to De Beer (1998), a Community newspaper is the local newspaper initiated to supply communities with information and create an advertising medium. The same can be said of today’s suburban freebies or paid for local papers. People’s need to know what is going on in their community and vicinity guarantees a niche for these papers.